现有极高速成像系统存在元件复杂、系统庞大以及视场受限的问题。基于螳螂虾小眼和复眼结构提出一种结构紧凑的极高速成像方法，可应用于多种视场和时间范围。仿生极高速成像仿生微绒毛阵列结构，以条纹结构光照明和空间角分复用为基础，实现图像的压缩和瞬态事件时序图像的重现。仿生螳螂虾小眼结构，可以实现视场极高速成像；而复眼系统结构上有小眼系统拼接组成，可以突破限制现大视场极高速成像。时间延迟结构与照明成像光路分离，可以实现飞秒至皮秒时间尺度的瞬态事件记录。因此，仿生多视场极高速成像理论上可以应用于各种视场的成像，仿真实验的摄影频率可以达到1.2×10¹³ 帧/s，还原图像分辨率可以达到80.6 lp/mm。仿生极高速成像为大范围、群体性瞬态事件的探测提供了可能，例如光在散射介质中的传播、随机运动等，并且其结构紧凑，为极高速成像仪器的小型化、轻量化打下基础。

Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) exhibits a variety of fascinating and unexpected macroscopic phenomena, and has attracted sustained attention in recent years—particularly in the field of solitons and associated nonlinear phenomena. Meanwhile, optical lattices have emerged as a versatile toolbox for understanding the properties and controlling the dynamics of BEC, among which the realization of bright gap solitons is an iconic result. However, the dark gap solitons are still experimentally unproven, and their properties in more than one dimension remain unknown. In light of this, we describe, numerically and theoretically, the formation and stability properties of gap-type dark localized modes in the context of ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices. Two kinds of stable dark localized modes—gap solitons and soliton clusters—are predicted in both the one- and two-dimensional geometries. The vortical counterparts of both modes are also constructed in two dimensions. A unique feature is the existence of a nonlinear Bloch-wave background on which all above gap modes are situated. By employing linear-stability analysis and direct simulations, stability regions of the predicted modes are obtained. Our results offer the possibility of observing dark gap localized structures with cutting-edge techniques in ultracold atoms experiments and beyond, including in optics with photonic crystals and lattices.